Making New Negroes in Cuba: Garveyism as a Transcultural Movement
Making New Negroes in Cuba: Garveyism as a Transcultural Movement
This chapter explores the role of Marcus Garvey’s movement in the making of a New Negro transnational affiliation that was produced by the cultural encounters between Anglophone Caribbeans, African Americans, and Afro-Cubans during the 1920s. These New Negro cultures were created and re-created through the Universal Negro Improvement Association’s (UNIA) elaborate performance rituals and symbolic repertoire, which drew on the diverse histories and cultural backgrounds of its members. The UNIA created a new pantheon of black male heroes that galvanized black people throughout the Americas and re-created the population Garveyites called the “Negro Peoples of the World.” This chapter looks at the Garveyite experience in Cuba to show how New Negroes emerged out of the interaction of Cubans and Anglophone Afrodescendants on the island during this period. It explains how Garveyism, along with the mass migration and transformations engendered by U.S. empire building in the circum-Caribbean, helped create new Afrodiasporic cultures produced by the ongoing interaction of diverse Afrodescendants throughout the Americas and Africa.
Keywords: Garveyism, New Negro, Anglophone Caribbeans, African Americans, Afro-Cubans, Universal Negro Improvement Association, Americas, Cuba, Afrodescendants, Marcus Garvey
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